Maximum : The maximum of a set of numbers is the highest of the numbers in the set. A function has a maximum at $x_0$ if $f(x_0)\geq f(x)$ for all $x.$

Minimum : The minimum of a set of numbers is the lowest of the numbers in the set. A function has a minimum at $x_0$ if $f(x_0)\leq f(x)$ for all $x.$

Minus : Minus is either a symbol or another word for subtraction.

Number : A number $x$ is a mathematical symbol representing a quantity.

Range : The range of n numbers is the difference between the largest and the smallest number. The range of a function $f$ is the set of all possible values $f(x).$ For example the range of the function $f(x)=x^2$ is the interval $[0,\infty).$

Centimeter : A centimeter ($cm$) is $\frac{1}{100}$ of a meter.

Factor : If a natural number is divisible by a second natural number, that second natural number is called a factor of the first natural number. For example the factors of 12 are 1,2,3,4,6 and 12.

Length : Length is the attribute of a one-dimensional shape that can be measured with a measuring tape.

Line : A line AB is a one-dimensional shape that includes the points A and B, all the points on the line segment in between A and B and all the points of the straight extension of the line segment beyond A and B. A line does not have an endpoint.

Scale : Scale refers to the size of a shape. A scale drawing changes a shape to a similar shape of a different size.

Division : Division is the mathematical operation that divides objects equally into groups. More generally $x\div y$ is defined as the number that if multiplied by $y$ equals $x.$

Favorable outcome : In a random experiment the favorable outcomes are the outcomes of the event of which we want to calculate the probability. For example if we want to calculate the probability of throwing an even number with a dice the favorable outcomes are 2, 4 and 6.

Half : A Half is the number equal to $\frac{1}{2}=0.5.$

Number : A number $x$ is a mathematical symbol representing a quantity.

Possible outcome : Any outcome of a random experiment.

Probability : A probability is a number between 0 and 1 that describes how likely an outcome is. For discrete events that are equally likely the probability can be calculated by dividing the number of favorable outcomes by the number of possible outcomes.

Reduced fraction : A reduced fraction (or simplified fraction or fraction in simplified form or fraction in simplest form) is a fraction $\frac{a}{b}$ such that $a$ and $b$ do not have any common factors bigger than 1. For example the reduced fraction of the fraction $\frac{4}{6}$ is $\frac{2}{3}.$